First, why does blood pressure soar in autumn and winter?
Autumn and winter are the high incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and every year the fall and winter seasons are a major test for elderly patients with hypertension, why is that so? Why? Because the blood pressure will go crazy if we are not careful, and the number of patients who visit the doctor due to poor blood pressure control or hypertension complications has increased significantly. We all know that blood pressure fluctuates with the seasons, autumn and winter temperatures become cooler, the temperature difference between day and night is big sympathetic nerve excitement, the whole body capillary constriction, resulting in increased blood pressure, pulse pressure difference increases, cardiovascular and cerebral vascular disease risk; by the impact of cold weather, the elderly reduce the outing activities and meet friends, which affects the mood, the mood of the downturn of the blood pressure has a certain impact; autumn and winter dry, the loss of water in the body leads to high blood viscosity, blood flow, blood pressure, blood pressure, blood pressure, blood flow, blood flow, blood flow and blood pressure. The dryness of fall and winter, the loss of water in the body leads to high viscosity, slowing down the blood flow, which is easy to induce acute complications of hypertension.
Second, elderly hypertensive patients are a bit special
Elderly hypertension is mainly characterized by elevated systolic blood pressure and relatively large pressure difference. With the growth of age, the elderly vascular sclerosis, vascular elasticity is reduced, endothelial lipid deposition leads to lumen narrowing, systolic blood pressure rises; in addition, the elderly’s vascular pressure receptor sensitivity decreases, the ability of their own regulation of blood pressure decreases, there can be a sudden rise and fall of blood pressure, pulse pressure difference increases. Some elderly people also appear upright hypotension, manifested as a sudden feeling of dizziness when getting up, this group should monitor the prone and upright blood pressure.
Third, find out high blood pressure but no symptoms to be treated
Aunt Liu physical examination found high blood pressure, after a series of specialized examinations diagnosed as hypertension, but she did not have any discomfort, so should she receive treatment? The answer is to be treated. The spasm of small arteries at the beginning of the disease will not cause obvious symptoms, but if you do not intervene, with the development of the disease, small arteries gradually occurring hardening, medium and large arteries with intima-media lipid deposition, will damage the heart, brain, kidney important target organs, there may be coronary heart disease, cerebral infarction, renal failure and a series of problems.
Fourth, the four-in-one approach to a smooth “transition”
- Balanced diet
Autumn and winter is a good time for tonic, elderly hypertensive patients should “clean up”, eat less and more meals, avoid overfilling. Control the intake of fat, salt and sugar during meals, limit 3~6 grams of salt per day, and eat less pickled food. Eat more foods that have antihypertensive and lipid-lowering effects, such as celery, white radish, winter melon, Semen Coicis, lotus root, hawthorn, yam, lotus seed and other foods. Increase the proportion of white meat, such as fish, shrimp, chicken and duck, and eat less red meat, such as pork, beef and mutton. Eat vegetables and fruits, coarse grains and other foods rich in dietary fiber to supplement vitamins to maintain water-electrolyte balance, and keep the bowels smooth.
- Regular exercise
It is recommended to choose low to medium intensity exercise that can be tolerated by yourself, such as walking, jogging, cycling, swimming, etc. For patients with bone and joint disease and activity limitation, they can use Ba Duan Jin, Tai Chi Chuan, Wu An Qiu Opera and Yoga to harmonize their body and mind and help stabilize their blood pressure. Cold climate in fall and winter, exercise should pay attention to do a good job of head and neck warmth, blood pressure in the 6-10 o’clock around a peak, it is recommended that staggered exercise, the morning exercise time is appropriately delayed.
- Healthy Living
Many hypertensive patients are old smokers and have been drinking for a long time. Hypertension guidelines clearly put forward to quit smoking, alcohol can directly reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, so strongly advocate the cessation of smoking and alcohol. Elderly patients with high blood pressure should choose soft and loose clothing, trouser belt, necktie can not be tied too tight, so as not to cause blood pressure fluctuations. In addition, they should also do a combination of work and rest, sleep enough.
- Monitoring blood pressure and adjusting medications
Regularly monitor your blood pressure and be aware of the changes in your blood pressure. Autumn blood pressure is higher than spring and fall, and then according to the previous antihypertensive program medication, blood pressure is often difficult to get effective control, so the amount of medication under the guidance of the doctor in time to adjust the time of medication, do not remember to add or subtract drugs.
